Present perfect continuous
Formando o "Present Perfect Continuous"
O "present perfect continuous" é composto por dois elementos: o "present perfect" do verbo 'to be' (have/has been), e o "present participle" do verbo principal (radical + "ing").
| Sujeito | has/have been | radical + "ing" |
| She | has been | swimming |
Afirmativa: She has been / She's been running.
Negativa: She hasn't been running.
Interrogativa : Has she been running?
Interrogativa negativa: Hasn't she been running?
Exemplo: "present perfect continuous" de "TO LIVE"
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa |
|---|---|---|
| I have been living | I haven't been living | Have I been living? |
| You have been living | You haven't been living | Have you been living? |
| He, she, it has been living | He hasn't been living | Has she been living? |
| We have been living | We haven't been living | Have we been living? |
| You have been living | You haven't been living | Have you been living? |
| They have been living | They haven't been living | Have they been living? |
Funções do "present perfect continuous"
O tempo verbal "present perfect continuous" se refere a um período de tempo não específico situado entre o passado e o presente. O orador faz referência a algo que se iniciou, mas que talvez não tenha sido concluído naquele período de tempo. Ele está interessado tanto no processo quanto no resultado, e esse processo ainda poderá estar ocorrendo ou ter acabado de se encerrar.
Ações iniciadas no passado e que continuam ocorrendo no presente
She has been waiting for you all day (= ela ainda está esperando).
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= e eu ainda não o finalizei).
They have been travelling since last October (= e ainda não voltaram para casa).
Ações que acabaram de ser concluídas, mas nosso interesse está nos seus resultados
She has been cooking since last night (= e a comida à mesa parece deliciosa).
It's been raining (= e as ruas ainda estão molhadas).
Someone's been eating my chips (= e eles estão na metade).
Verbos sem formas contínuas
Com verbos que não são normalmente utilizados na forma contínua, utilize o "simple present perfect". Por exemplo: I've wanted to visit China for years.
She's known Robert since she was a child.
I've hated that music since I first heard it.
I've heard a lot about you recently.
We've understood everything.
we've heard this morning.